Ineffective Airway clearance
Inability to clear secretions or obstructions from the respiratory tract to maintain a clear airway Defining Characteristics: Dyspnea; diminished breath sounds; orthopnea; adventitious breath sounds (crackles, wheezes); cough, ineffective or absent; sputum production; cyanosis; difficulty vocalizing; wide-eyed; changes in respiratory rate and rhythm; restlessness Related Factors: Environmental Smoking; smoke inhalation; second-hand smoke Obstructed Airway Airway spasm; retained secretions; excessive mucus; presence of artificial airway; foreign body in airway; secretions in bronchi; exudate in alveoli Physiological Neuromuscular dysfunction; hyperplasia of bronchial walls; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; infection; asthma; allergic airways NOC Outcomes (Nursing Outcomes Classification) Suggested NOC Labels Respiratory Status: Ventilation Respir...